ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY I SCIT 1543

COURSE DESCRIPTION (catalog description)

SCIT 1543 Applied Analytical Chemistry I (3-6-5) Instruction in gravimetric and titrimetric analysis of practical samples by classical and standard methods/

REQUIRED TEXT / MANUALS

Skoog, West, Holler. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, Saunders College Publishing, Latest Edition.

COURSE OUTLINE

LECTURE

Introduction

Introduction to Statistics

• Errors in Chemical Analysis
• Precision and Accuracy
• Mean
• Median
• Range
• Arithmetic deviation
• Relative arithmetic deviation
• Standard deviation
• Variance
• Relative standard deviation
• Absolute error
• Relative error
• Systemic error
  • Instrument
  • Method
  • Personal
  • Proportional
  • Constant
• Histogram
• Gaussian Curve

Statistical Evaluation of Analytical Data

• Treatment of data
• Reliability of data
• Significant figures
• Rounding data
• Confidence interval
• Detecting outliers
• Q test

Review of Statistical Calculations

Gravimetric Methods of Analysis

• Gravimetric methods
• Calculation of results from gravimetric data
• Properties of precipitates and precipitating reagents
• Size of precipitate particles
• Factors affecting particle size
• Characteristics of precipitation reactions
  • variables that minimize supersaturation
  • improving filterability
  • co-precipitation
  • drying precipitates
• Critique of gravimetric methods
  • time
  • equipment
  • sensitivity and accuracy
  • specificity

Volumetric Methods of Analysis

• Titrimetry
  • volumetric
  • gravimetric
  • coulometric
• Terms
  • standard solution
  • titration
  • equivalence point
  • end point
  • indicator
  • titration error
  • blank determination
  • back titration
  • primary standard
  • standardization
• Establishing the concentration
  • direct method
  • standardization
• Concentration terms and equations
  • Percent concentration
  • parts per million (ppm)
  • Molarity
  • Normality
  • pX
• Calculations
• Back Titrations

Equilibrium Calculations

• equilibrium
• solubility product
• dissociation

Neutralization Titrations

• Acid - base titrations
• Strong acids and strong bases
• Indicators
• Titration errors
• Complexometric Titrations
• Reagents for neutralization titrations - acids
• Preparation of standard acid solutions
• Reagents for neutralization titrations - bases
• Applications

Complex-Formation Titrations

• EDTA
• Indicators
• Determining water hardness

Aqueous Solution Chemistry

• Composition
• Equilibrium - Basics
• Equilibrium expressions
• K_eq, K_a, K_b
• K_sp
• K_w
• Calculations I
• Calculations 2

Oxidation-Reduction

• Oxidation number
• Balancing red-ox equations
  • inspection method
  • half-reaction method
  • ion-electron method
• Equivalents
• Applications
  • potassium permanganate
  • iodometry
  • dichromate ion
  • cerate ion

Potentiometric and Ion-Selective Electrodes

• Electrolytic cell
• Galvanic cell
• Standard reduction potential
• Nernst equation
• pH electrode
• Ion-selective electrodes
• Potentiometric titration

LABORATORY

Introduction

• Review laboratory safety
• Review laboratory notebook maintenance procedures
• Assign bench space and issue equipment

Experiments

• Pipet Calibration
• Gravimetric Determination of Sulfate in a Commercial Unknown
• Gravimetric Determination of Iron in a Commercial Unknown
• Titrimetric Analysis of a Commercial KHP unknown
• Titrimetric Analysis of Total Hardness in a Synthetic Water Sample
• Determination of Chloride in a Commercial Unknown by the Mohr Method
• Determination of calcium oxide in a calcium carbonate sample
• Determination of manganese oxide in ore (ASTM E-465-77,method B)
• Analysis of yellow, orange, red, brown pigment containing iron and manganese (ASTM D50-74, iron oxide)
• Determination of total alkalinity in a detergent (ASTM D501-67, soda ash)
• Gravimetric determination of chloride in a commercial unknown